Chip-on-Board or "COB" refers to the mounting of a bare LED chip in direct contact with a substrate to produce LED arrays. COB LEDs have a number of advantages over older LED technologies, such as Surface Mounted Device ("SMD") LEDs or Dual In-line Package ("DIP") LEDs. Most notably, COB technology allows for a much higher packing density of the LED array, or what light engineers refer to as improved "lumen density"