Motor Type | Unipolar stepper motor |
Connection Type | 5 Wire Connection (to the motor controller) |
Voltage | 5 Volts DC |
Frequency | 100 Hz |
Step mode | Half-step mode recommended (8 step control signal sequence) |
Step angle | Half-step mode: 8 step control signal sequence (recommended) 5.625 degrees per step / 64 steps per one revolution of the internal motor shaft. Full Step mode: 4 step control signal sequence 11.25 degrees per step / 32 steps per one revolution of the internal motor shaft |
Gear ratio | Manufacturer specifies 64:1. Some patient and diligent people on the Arduino forums have disassembled the gear train of these little motors and determined that the exact gear ratio is in fact 63.68395:1. These means that in the recommended half-step mode we will have:64 steps per motor rotation x 63.684 gear ratio = 4076 steps per full revolution (approximately). |
Wiring to the ULN2003 controller | A (Blue), B (Pink), C (Yellow), D (Orange), E (Red, Mid-Point) |
Weight | 30g |
The motor has 4 coils of wire that are powered in a sequence to make the magnetic motor shaft spin. When using the full-step method, 2 of the 4 coils are powered at each step. The default stepper library that comes pre-installed with the Arduino IDE uses this method. The 28BYJ-48 datasheet specifies that the preferred method for driving this stepper is using the half-step method, where we first power coil 1 only, then coil 1 and 2 together, then coil 2 only and so on…With 4 coils, this means 8 different signals, like in the table below.
ULN2003 Stepper Motor Driver Board uses ULN2003 DARLINGTON ARRAYS to drive a 4-phase 5-wire UNIPOLAR stepper motor.
Arduino has a built-in Stepper Library with information regarding UNIPOLAR and BIPOLAR Stepper Motors.
Good notes regarding Steppers.
Here is a tutorial for connecting the 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor to the ULN2003 Stepper Motor Driver Board.